If the collection is not empty, the new descriptors are added to existing train descriptors.
Descriptors to add. Each descriptors[i] is a set of descriptors from the same train image.
Trains a descriptor matcher (for example, the flann index). In all methods to match, the method [train()] is run every time before matching. Some descriptor matchers (for example, BruteForceMatcher) have an empty implementation of this method. Other matchers really train their inner structures (for example, [FlannBasedMatcher] trains [flann::Index] ).
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This matcher trains cv::flann::Index on a train descriptor collection and calls its nearest search methods to find the best matches. So, this matcher may be faster when matching a large train collection than the brute force matcher. FlannBasedMatcher does not support masking permissible matches of descriptor sets because flann::Index does not support this. :
Source: opencv2/features2d.hpp.